《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(7): 998-1010

植物种子大小调控机制的研究进展

张雪晶^1,2, 江文波¹, 庞永珍^1,*

¹中国科学院北方资源植物重点实验室/北京植物园, 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京100093; ²中国科学院大学, 北京100049

通信作者：庞永珍；E-mail: yzhpang@ibcas.ac.cn

摘　要：

种子大小是植物的一个重要品质性状, 也是影响作物产量的一个关键因素。近年来, 研究人员在种子大小调控机制方面取得了很多重要的研究进展, 鉴定了许多调控种子大小的基因。对调控种子大小机制的研究可为作物育种提供重要的理论依据, 也可利用调控种子大小的基因实现作物的增产。本文主要以模式植物拟南芥和水稻为例, 从泛素、转录因子和激素等方面入手, 综述了各类因子调控种子大小的分子机理, 以期为从事相关工作的研究人员提供有益的参考。

关键词：种子大小; 种子发育; 调控基因

收稿：2016-04-11   修定：2016-06-21

资助：国家自然科学基金(31370335)、国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB127002)和中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(39391503-7)。

Advances in the regulation mechanism of plant seed size

ZHANG Xue-Jing^1,2, JIANG Wen-Bo¹, PANG Yong-Zhen^1,*

¹Key Laboratory of Plant Resources / Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; ²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author: PANG Yong-Zhen; E-mail: yzhpang@ibcas.ac.cn

Abstract:

Seed size is one of the major traits in plants, which also plays a key role in crop yield. In recent years, many advances have been made in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying seed size regulation, and many different genes have been identified to be involved in the regulation of seed size. These advances on the regulation of seed size provide valuable theoretical references in crop breeding, which could also be applied in the enhancement of crop yield. By taking model plants Arabidopsis and rice as examples, we summarized the molecular mechanisms of ubiquitins, transcription factors and hormones on the regulation of seed size. We expect to provide valuable reference to researcher in the related field.

Key words: seed size; seed development; regulatory genes